Histamine

Chemical name

1h-imidazol-4-etanamin (as dihydrochloride or phosphate)

Gross

C5-H9-N3

Characteristics

Clear (white) gigroskopicnae crystals, or powder odourless. It is soluble in water, alcohol, almost nerastvorim in chloroform and ether. Fotochuvstvitelen. 5% s aqueous solution pH is 2,85-3,60.

Of drugs

The drugs-gistaminnoe. Is natural ligand gistaminovykh H_1-, H_2- and H_3-retseptorov. It increased secreta gastric juice, causes smooth muscles, demotion AD, expansion and stagnation of blood in capillaries, increased permeability of the walls, swelling surrounding tissues and the circulation. Initiation peripheral H_1-retseptorov leads to a reduction spasticescomu bronchus, stomach muscles, etc.-H_2-retseptorov enhances gastric glands glands, reduce muscle spasms uterus, bowel receptacles central H_3-retseptorov - Mediation changes in the CNS. Easily absorbed after administration inwards. Rapidly moving in the tissues and organs; The depot are huge cells (labrozita). Intensive metabolised in the liver by Methylation (гистамин-N-метилтранс фераза) nitrogen ring with the formation of N-metilgistamina and oxidation to form N -метилимидазоуксусну�� acid and its ribozid. Metabolites have pharmacological activity. Ahlorgidria in response to the introduction of gistamina may indicate that pernitsiosna anaemia, atroficski gastritis, adenomatozhnykh polyps or cancer of the stomach; Induced gastric hypersecretion observed during ulcers Peptic ulcer syndrome, or Zollinger-Ellison.

Indications

Poliartrita, joint and muscle pains, allergies, migraines, the pain caused by the defeat of peripheral nerves. Diagnostics gipersecrethornykh states stomach.

Contraindications

Heavy heart disease expressed hypertension, or gipotenzia vascular distonia, feohromotsytoma, diseases of the respiratory tract, especially the bronchi, incl. in history, uncompensated of kidney function, pregnancy, breast-feeding, child age (safety and efficiency to be determined).

Side-Effects

Headache (continuous or heavy), hypertension, gipotenzia (dizziness, or fear), nervousness, tachycardia, a tide of blood or red person, convulsions, difficulty breathing, bronhospazm. In higher doses : zianoz, clear view smoking as unpleasant feelings or pain in the chest, a sharp decline AD expressed diarrhoea, severe nausea and vomiting, cramps in the abdomen or stomach area, the violation alleged similar to the symptoms of gastrointestinal illness due to the high acid secretions, metallic taste, swelling or redness at the injection with p / to the introduction (triple answer is erythema + + blister vospalitelnaya hyperemia).

Overdosing

Treatment : maintaining road respiratory tract, and (if necessary) the IVL and oxygen, imposing a temporary tow near injections to slow gas in the blood, the introduction antigistaminnah of 0.3-0.5 mg epinephrine hydrochloride in the solution for injection (1:1000) s / to for the treatment of hypotension, as necessary to 2x repeat every 20 minutes.

Dosing and Administration

B / a, n / a and / m to 0.1-0.5 ml of 0.1% solution.

Directory → Diagnostic tools → Other diagnostic tools → Histamine