Insulin injection, neutral

Characteristics

Neutral solution monopikovogo (vsokoochischennogo chromatographic), or monokomponentny (MK) porcine insulin quick and short-acting.

Of drugs

The drugs-gipoglikemicescoe. Regulates exchange and deposit of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins in the targets (liver, skeletal muscle, fat tissue). Interacts with the specific receptor zitoplazmaticescoy external cell membrane to form insulinretseptornyi complex. After activation biosynthesis Zamf (in fat cells and liver cells), or directly penetrate the chest (muscles), a set of insulin-retseptornyi stimulates Wärmetauscher processes, including synthesis of a number of key enzymes (gexokinaza, piruwatkinaza, glikiencintetaza etc.). Decreasing the amount of glucose in the blood due to the increase of the intracellular transport, the increased uptake and assimilation of tissues, stimulation lipogeneza, glikogenogeneza, protein synthesis, reduced speed of liver glucose (reduced glycogen breakdown), etc. An insulinoterapia diabetes was satisfactory utilization of carbohydrates and fatty acids tissues, restores proper balance between glikoliza and glikoneogeneza, warns excess synthesis ketonovykh bodies in the liver. Hypoglycaemia begins in 20-30 min after s / to the introduction, reaches its maximum after 1-3 hours and lasts 6-8 h (parameters depend on the pharmaceutical form of insulin -77,003 and its dose-way p / c in / in, in / m and places, stomach, thigh, buttocks to the introduction). T_1/2 ranging from a few to 10 minutes.

Indications

Diabetes mellitus I (insulinzawisimy) and type II (insulinnezawisimy) in the case of resistance to oral gipoglikemicakim means of pregnancy, diabeticescom ketoatsidoze, ketoatsidoticescoy and giperosmolarna coma, uvenilny and diabetes in children, interkurrentne and infectious diseases; The extensive surgery and posleoperazionny period insulin diagnostic test.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, hypoglycaemia, insuloma, excessive weight (unless the severity of the disease requires urgent treatment).

Side-Effects

Hypoglycaemia (in high doses, or release late meal, heavy physical activity, in the face of infections or diseases, especially diarrhoea violent or vomiting) : increased sweating, rapid heartbeat, tremor, sleep disorders and other symptoms until prekomatosny coma and conditions; Giperglikemia and diabetic acidosis (at low doses, leading injections, non-diet, in the face of fever and infection), causing sonlivostew, thirst, loss of appetite, reddening person, etc. until prekomatosny coma and conditions; allergic reactions, skin rashes, swelling angioneuroticeski, laryngeal edema, anaphylactic shock; in the injection-hyperemia, itching, swelling, with a long-lipodistrofia (atrophy or hypertrophy in subcutaneous adipose tissue), passing of refraction, immunological cross-reaction with human insulin, the titra antiinsulinovykh antibodies followed growing fast.

Patient interaction

Gipoglikemia increase MAO inhibitors, and alpha beta-adrenoblokatora, tetratziklin (especially auxitetratziklin) sulfanilamida, 25.06.1997, klofibrat, cyclophosphamide, fenfluramin, strofantin, alcohol and drugs, with its weakening - oral contraceptives, glukokortikoida, tireoidnye hormones, heparin, tiazidnye dioretiki, drugs lithium Tricyclic antidepressants. Reduced tolerance to alcohol. Farmatsevticeski incompatible with ethanol, disinfectants.

Overdosing

Symptoms : gipoglikemii signs of weakness, cold sweat, paleness of skin, rapid heartbeat, drugs, nervousness, nausea, a feeling of hunger, pricking get in the hands, legs, lips, tongue, headache, insomnia; In the most severe cases - gipoglikemical Koma.lechenie : when slabovrajenna and temperate gipoglikemii-immediate admission glucose (glucose tablets, fruit juice, honey, sugar or sweet food); with the strong gipoglikemii in / m, c / to, or / as a solution glukagona and (where necessary) / in 40% glucose solution (especially with the loss of consciousness).

Precautions

There is a need for dose adjustment in changing the nature and diet, high physical activity, communicable diseases, fever, surgical operations, as violation of the thyroid gland, napochechnikov, including Addison disease, pituitary, including gipopituitrisme, renal failure, liver disease, during pregnancy, through breastfeeding, with a prepubescent children and patients over 65 years of age, a sharp quitting patients with diabetes I type. The caution used in the tense mental and physical activities (possibly reduced capacity of concentration, the speed of mental and motor reactions). The history of allergic reactions to other insulin needs to be dealt with / for a sample. During treatment every 3 months (or more often if the unstable state), the level of glucose in the blood; In the concentrations of glucose greater than 11.1 mmol / l, a more urine for the presence of glucose and ketones; In the case of gipoglikemii ketoatsidoza and determine the concentration of potassium ions and pH serum. During pregnancy should take into account the decline in (I term) or increase (II and III trimenon) the need for insulin. During the period of breastfeeding to be monitored daily for a few months (until stabilization needs insulin).

Dosing and Administration

P / to the in / m, in / on the possible long-term continuous cefuroxim (using insulin dosage in all the ways, the place of injection each time changing; For 15-30 minutes (depending on the product) before meals; The injection every time change, dose The manner and time of the set individually. In monotherapies diabetes adult-U 8-24 m / c (in exceptional cases / m), as appropriate (in the case of low sensitivity to insulino), and 40 U (single dose); children - 8 U, then in the average daily dose-0.5-1 U / kg, or 30 to 40 U 1-3 times a day, if necessary, five to six times a day; daily dose of more than 0.6 U / kg, give two or more injections in one place. In diabeticescom ketoatsidoze, diabetic coma, during the operation, etc. acute situations, in / in (struino or drip), or / m. When replacing porcine insulin in the human usually requires a reduction in dose; replacement of a control blood glucose.

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