Allopurinol

Chemical name

1,5-Дигидро-4Н-пиразоло[ 3,4-d]пиримидин-4-он

Gross

C5-H4-N4-O

Characteristics

White or white with blue polka melkochristalliceski powder, insoluble in water and alcohol.

Of drugs

The drugs-gipouriquemicescoe, противоподагрическое . Ingibiruet xantinoxydazu violates making gipoksantina in xantin and xantina in stays acid; Limits thus synthesis of uric acid. Lowers uratov content in the serum and prevents formation in the tissues, including kidney. Decreases down with urine uric acid and adds more legkorastvorimah gipoksantina and Xantina.pocti totally (90%) absorbed from the digestive tract. The liver influenced xantinooksidasy becoming alloksantin, which also prevent the formation of uric acid. C_max allopourinola achieved through 1.5 hour alloksantina-by 4.5 h after a single reception. T_1/2 allopourinola is 1-2 hour alloksantina-about 15 hours About 20% of dose extracted through intestine; Rest allopourinola and its metabolites-kidney.

Indications

Giperuriquemia : primary and secondary gout, a disease anesthetic education mochekislah concrements, disease, accompanied by enhanced dissolution nukleoproteidov, including gematoblastoma, zitostatical and Radiation Therapy tumours, psoriasis trauma remember, korticosteroidami therapy for the prevention mochekisloy nefropatii; malignant neoplasms and congenital malformations purinovogo exchange in children.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity expressed kidney failure, pregnancy and breast-feeding (at the time of treatment should be suspended).

Side-Effects

Negotiable angioimmunnoblastnaya limfoadenopatia granulematosny and hepatitis, anaemia, agranulozitos, aplastic anaemia (more commonly in patients with compromised function of the liver and kidney), nausea, vomiting, the taste, disease, fever, malaise, fatigue, headache, vertigo, ataxy, drowsiness, coma, depression, paralysis, paresthesia, neiropatia, the disorder, cataracts, stenocardia, aetiology, hypertension, oedema, alopecia, furunkoulez, giperglikemia, giperlipidemia, gematuria, uremia, ginekomastia, infertility, impotence, skin allergies angioneuroticeski swelling.

Patient interaction

Increases concentration in the blood and toxicity azatioprina, mercaptopourina, methotrexate, xantinov (theofillina, aminofillina) gipoglikemiceski effect hlorpropamida, protivosvertawati indirect anticoagulants. Pyrazinamide, salicilata, urikozuricescie means tiazidnye dioretiki, furosemide, etakrinova acid weaken gipouriquemicescoe influence. Against the backdrop of Amoxicillin, furniture, bacampicillina the likelihood of a skin rash.

Overdosing

Symptoms : nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, Oliguria.lechenie : +68 diurez, diagnostic and peritonealny dialysis.

Precautions

There is a need to support diurez at least two litres a day, neutral or mildly reaction urine, as It prevents pretipitatia uratov and education concrements. Do not start treatment until edema acute gout attack; In the first month of treatment recommended prophylactic administration NPVS or kolhitina; In the case of acute gout attack in the face of treatment for more Designate противовоспалительны е funds. If any of the kidneys and liver (the risk of side effects) lower dose. Using azatioprina or 6-mercaptopourina against allopourinola allowed four fold lower their doses. Be wary combine with vidarabinom.

Dosing and Administration

Inside, the food. Starting with 100 mg / day, once, and then dose gradually increased. If the dose of 300 mg per day are side effects from the blood, can float Priem.vesroslam - 100-200 mg / day, with a moderate, 300-600 mg / day, with heavy-700-900 mg / Sut.detam to 15 years, 10 to 20 mg / kg / day (up to 400 mg / day maximum). When expressed kidney failure is 100 mg / day or 100 mg at intervals more than one Deny.pojilam patients recommended the lowest dose.

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