Codeine

Chemical name

(5альфа,6альфа)-7,8-Дидег идро-4,5-эпокси-3-метокс и-17-метилморфинан-6-ол (and as hydrochloride or phosphate)

Gross

C18-H21-N-O3

Characteristics

Clear crystals or white crystalline powder and odourless, bitter taste. At vvetrivetsa air. Slowly and very soluble in cold water, it is readily soluble in hot water and alcohol. Solutions are alkaline reaction.

Of drugs

The drugs-analgezirutee (narcotic), protivokashlevoe, antidiareynoe. Is natural analgesic drugs from the group agonist opioid receptors. Obezbolivataya activity by bringing opioid receptors in the various divisions of central nervous system and peripheral tissues, resulting in stimulation antinozizeptivna system, and changing the perception of emotional pain. Central protivokashlevy effect linked to the suppression of kashlevogo Centre at the level of the bridge. " Enabling opioid receptors in the gut of a relaxation of smooth muscle, reducing peristalsis and suffering all Sfinkterov.posle intake of rapidly absorbed. Connectivity plasma protein fraction. Treated biotransformation in the liver, and 10% by demethylation goes into morphine. T_1/2 is 2.5-4 hours Excreted news : 5-15% in the form of codeine and 10% in the form of morphine and its metabolites. Analgeziruty effect develops through 10-30 minutes after the on / m and m / c and 30 to 60 minutes after enteralnogo introduction. The maximum effect was achieved in 30 to 60 minutes after the on / m introduction and in 1-2 hours after enteralnogo. Duration of analgesia, 6700, blockades kashlevogo reflex 4-6 hours

Indications

Pain syndrome for injuries oncology, renal and liver kolikah, pristupoobrazny unproductive cough, diarrhoea.

Restrictions on the use of

Breast-feeding (reception exclude breastfeeding), children's age (up to 2 years).

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, bronchial asthma, pneumonia, respiratory distress, alcohol intoxication, a fractured skull and hypotension, collapse, adults, epilepsy, disruption of the liver and kidney intoksicazionnaya diarrhoea, gipokoagulie condition pregnancy.

Side-Effects

Adjust, drug dependence syndrome "lifting", respiratory depression, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, atony bowel and bladder, aetiology, adults, allergic reactions.

Patient interaction

Do effects doses tranquilizers, alcohol, barbiturates, anaesthesia and gipotenziveh funds. Naloxone and naltrexone are specific antagonists preparation.

Dosing and Administration

Inside, adults in pain-15-60 mg every 6 h, with diarrhea, 30 mg four times daily, coughing, 20 mg four times a day; For the children of doses of 0.5 mg / kg 4-6 times a day, 0.5 mg / kg four times daily, and 10 mg / kg 4-6 times a day. The / m being in the same doses as in enteralnom introduction. Higher daily doses of 120 mg.

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